Journal:

Article Title: Characteristics and Dynamics of Bacterial Populations during Postantibiotic Effect Determined by Flow Cytometry

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: MICs, multiples of MICs, and duration of PAEs for organism-antibiotic combinations studied by flow cytometry

Article Snippet: Growth curves from typical PAE experiments with ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC) against E. coli are shown in Fig. A. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Organism Antibiotic MIC (μg/ml) Multiple of MIC PAE (h) E. coli ATCC 25922 Ampicillin 2.0 2 −0.3 4 −0.4 8 −0.3 Ceftriaxone 0.03 2 −0.3 4 −0.2 8 −0.5 Gentamicin 1.0 1 0.7 2 0.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.015 1 1.5 2 2.7 Rifampin 16 1 0.6 2 1.5 P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 Imipenem 2.0 2 1.3 4 1.9 8 2.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.5 2 0.7 Open in a separate window MICs, multiples of MICs, and duration of PAEs for organism-antibiotic combinations studied by flow cytometry fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1 caption a7 (A) A typical PAE experiment for E. coli ATCC 25922 after exposure to ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC), as determined by viability counting.

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Characteristics and Dynamics of Bacterial Populations during Postantibiotic Effect Determined by Flow Cytometry

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) A typical PAE experiment for E. coli ATCC 25922 after exposure to ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC), as determined by viability counting. As shown, no PAE was seen after ceftriaxone exposure, but ciprofloxacin induced a PAE of 1.9 h. The organisms were stained with propidium iodide and examined by fluorescence microscopy. (B through D) Photomicrographs of untreated control organisms (B), ceftriaxone-exposed organisms 35 min after drug removal (C), and ciprofloxacin-exposed organisms 270 min after drug removal (D). Both antibiotics induced filamentation, but this morphological form persisted past the classically defined PAE in organisms exposed to ciprofloxacin. Magnification, ×880.

Article Snippet: Growth curves from typical PAE experiments with ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC) against E. coli are shown in Fig. A. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Organism Antibiotic MIC (μg/ml) Multiple of MIC PAE (h) E. coli ATCC 25922 Ampicillin 2.0 2 −0.3 4 −0.4 8 −0.3 Ceftriaxone 0.03 2 −0.3 4 −0.2 8 −0.5 Gentamicin 1.0 1 0.7 2 0.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.015 1 1.5 2 2.7 Rifampin 16 1 0.6 2 1.5 P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 Imipenem 2.0 2 1.3 4 1.9 8 2.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.5 2 0.7 Open in a separate window MICs, multiples of MICs, and duration of PAEs for organism-antibiotic combinations studied by flow cytometry fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1 caption a7 (A) A typical PAE experiment for E. coli ATCC 25922 after exposure to ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC), as determined by viability counting.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Staining, Fluorescence, Microscopy

Journal:

Article Title: Characteristics and Dynamics of Bacterial Populations during Postantibiotic Effect Determined by Flow Cytometry

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Histograms showing a comparison of the size distributions (FSC-H; left panels) and nucleic acid contents (FL2-H; middle panels) of E. coli during the PAE after exposure to ciprofloxacin at a concentration equivalent to the MIC and at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC at 270 min after drug removal. Dotted-and-dashed lines, control organisms; solid lines, bacteria previously exposed to ciprofloxacin. Graphs (right panels) show progressive changes in size compared to sizes of controls. The sizes of antibiotic-treated organisms were compared to three control size intervals described in the text and shown in Fig. ​Fig.2.2. Open circles, bacteria within 2 SDs of control size; solid squares, bacteria within 2 to 4 SDs; open squares, organisms >4 SDs from the control distribution.

Article Snippet: Growth curves from typical PAE experiments with ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC) against E. coli are shown in Fig. A. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Organism Antibiotic MIC (μg/ml) Multiple of MIC PAE (h) E. coli ATCC 25922 Ampicillin 2.0 2 −0.3 4 −0.4 8 −0.3 Ceftriaxone 0.03 2 −0.3 4 −0.2 8 −0.5 Gentamicin 1.0 1 0.7 2 0.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.015 1 1.5 2 2.7 Rifampin 16 1 0.6 2 1.5 P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 Imipenem 2.0 2 1.3 4 1.9 8 2.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.5 2 0.7 Open in a separate window MICs, multiples of MICs, and duration of PAEs for organism-antibiotic combinations studied by flow cytometry fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1 caption a7 (A) A typical PAE experiment for E. coli ATCC 25922 after exposure to ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC), as determined by viability counting.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal:

Article Title: Characteristics and Dynamics of Bacterial Populations during Postantibiotic Effect Determined by Flow Cytometry

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Histograms showing the size distributions (FSC-H; left panels) and nucleic acid contents (FL2-H; middle panels) of P. aeruginosa during the PAE after exposure to imipenem at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC and to ciprofloxacin at a concentration equivalent to the MIC at 180 and 70 min after drug removal, respectively. Dotted-and-dashed lines, control organisms; solid lines, antibiotic-exposed organisms. The graphs (right panels) show progressive changes in size compared to sizes of controls. The sizes of antibiotic-treated organisms were compared to three control size intervals described in text and shown in Fig. ​Fig.2.2. Open circles, bacteria within 2 SDs of control size; solid squares, bacteria within 2 to 4 SDs; open squares, organisms >4 SDs from the control distribution.

Article Snippet: Growth curves from typical PAE experiments with ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC) against E. coli are shown in Fig. A. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Organism Antibiotic MIC (μg/ml) Multiple of MIC PAE (h) E. coli ATCC 25922 Ampicillin 2.0 2 −0.3 4 −0.4 8 −0.3 Ceftriaxone 0.03 2 −0.3 4 −0.2 8 −0.5 Gentamicin 1.0 1 0.7 2 0.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.015 1 1.5 2 2.7 Rifampin 16 1 0.6 2 1.5 P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 Imipenem 2.0 2 1.3 4 1.9 8 2.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.5 2 0.7 Open in a separate window MICs, multiples of MICs, and duration of PAEs for organism-antibiotic combinations studied by flow cytometry fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1 caption a7 (A) A typical PAE experiment for E. coli ATCC 25922 after exposure to ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC), as determined by viability counting.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal:

Article Title: Characteristics and Dynamics of Bacterial Populations during Postantibiotic Effect Determined by Flow Cytometry

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: (Left panels) Dot plots of FSC peak height (shown as FSC-H), indicative of size, and FL2 peak height (shown as FL2-H), indicative of double-stranded nucleic acid content, for the untreated control organisms E. coli ATCC 25922 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 in the logarithmic-growth phase. The gates used are also shown (R1 for E. coli and R2 for P. aeruginosa). (Right panels) Histograms for bacterial size (FSC-H), with three intervals, representing 2 SDs (97.4th percentile), 2 to 4 SDs (97.4th to 99.2th percentile), and >4 SDs (>99.2th percentile) of the control size distribution. These intervals were used for comparisons between controls and antibiotic-exposed organisms.

Article Snippet: Growth curves from typical PAE experiments with ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC) against E. coli are shown in Fig. A. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Organism Antibiotic MIC (μg/ml) Multiple of MIC PAE (h) E. coli ATCC 25922 Ampicillin 2.0 2 −0.3 4 −0.4 8 −0.3 Ceftriaxone 0.03 2 −0.3 4 −0.2 8 −0.5 Gentamicin 1.0 1 0.7 2 0.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.015 1 1.5 2 2.7 Rifampin 16 1 0.6 2 1.5 P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 Imipenem 2.0 2 1.3 4 1.9 8 2.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.5 2 0.7 Open in a separate window MICs, multiples of MICs, and duration of PAEs for organism-antibiotic combinations studied by flow cytometry fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1 caption a7 (A) A typical PAE experiment for E. coli ATCC 25922 after exposure to ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC), as determined by viability counting.

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Characteristics and Dynamics of Bacterial Populations during Postantibiotic Effect Determined by Flow Cytometry

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: MICs, multiples of MICs, and duration of PAEs for organism-antibiotic combinations studied by flow cytometry

Article Snippet: Growth curves from typical PAE experiments with ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC) against E. coli are shown in Fig. A. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Organism Antibiotic MIC (μg/ml) Multiple of MIC PAE (h) E. coli ATCC 25922 Ampicillin 2.0 2 −0.3 4 −0.4 8 −0.3 Ceftriaxone 0.03 2 −0.3 4 −0.2 8 −0.5 Gentamicin 1.0 1 0.7 2 0.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.015 1 1.5 2 2.7 Rifampin 16 1 0.6 2 1.5 P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 Imipenem 2.0 2 1.3 4 1.9 8 2.6 Ciprofloxacin 0.5 2 0.7 Open in a separate window MICs, multiples of MICs, and duration of PAEs for organism-antibiotic combinations studied by flow cytometry fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1 caption a7 (A) A typical PAE experiment for E. coli ATCC 25922 after exposure to ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin (each at a concentration equivalent to twice the MIC), as determined by viability counting.

Techniques: